Tbilisi (GBC) – Investment bank Galt & Taggart has released its Agriculture Sector Index and Macroeconomic Analysis. According to the study, the main challenges facing the sector remain the small size of farms and low productivity.

The study shows that Georgia’s per-hectare yields for fruits, vegetables and grains are lower than those of neighboring countries and the EU.

For example, Georgia’s fruit yield is only 4.8 tons per hectare, which is more than two times lower than Armenia (11.4 tons), Ukraine (11 tons) and the EU (11.7 tons).

The difference is even more striking in the case of vegetables - the average yield in Georgia is 11.1 tons, while in Azerbaijan - 31.1 tons, in Armenia - 35.6 tons, and in Turkey - 42.3 tons. As for grain crops, Georgia (2.8 tons) here also lags behind both Azerbaijan and Turkey (3.4 tons), as well as Ukraine (5.1 tons) and the European Union (5.2 tons).

The Galt & Taggart review emphasizes that the low yield is due to several fundamental factors, including low corporatization, lack of knowledge and technological backwardness. The share of business in the sector is only 13%, and the production of raw materials is mainly concentrated in households.

Land fragmentation is also a problem - 73% of farms in Georgia are less than one hectare, 25% have an area of 1 to 5 hectares, and large farms, the size of which exceeds 5 hectares, make up only 2%. For comparison, in Azerbaijan and Armenia the share of farms smaller than one hectare is relatively lower (60-61%), which creates the basis for more efficient use of land in these countries.